Alcohol, like leisure activities, food, and anything that provides momentary satisfaction, is one of life's pleasures. However, excessive alcohol consumption is a public health issue as it leads to multiple health and social problems. Once consumed, how is alcohol processed by the body? What are the short-term and long-term effects of excessive consumption? Knowledge remains vague and does not allow for a clear understanding of the risks.

Amani Khafaja, a dietician and nutritionist, stated that alcohol is a psychoactive substance, meaning it has a direct effect on the brain. It can lead to several manifestations, depending on the amount ingested. Indeed, the effects of alcohol depend on the absorbed dose, with significant variability from one person to another.

This is due to an enzyme in the liver that breaks down the alcohol present in the blood. The activity level of this enzyme is not the same in everyone. This explains the different immediate effects of the same alcohol dose from one person to another. Furthermore, the harmful short-term effects of excessive alcohol consumption are as follows:

- Concentration disorders

- Drowsiness

- Violent behavior

- Speech disorders

- Blurred vision

- Skin redness

- Nausea and vomiting

- Frequent urination

- Memory disorders or memory loss

Moreover, Khafaja added that alcohol can be responsible for numerous long-term risks:

- Organ damage: liver, brain, heart, stomach

- Cancer risk: liver, throat, stomach

- High blood pressure - Sexual impotence

- Reduced appetite

-Malnutrition and vitamin deficiencies

- Sleep disorders

- Anxiety and depression

- Infertility and hormonal irregularities

- Strokes and myocardial infarction